Which of the following is NOT an adverse effect commonly associated with cryotherapy?

• A. Rash
• B. Hives
• C. Erythema
• D. Nerve damage

Answer: (C)

Cryotherapy cools tissue and causes vasoconstriction; when you remove the cold, a flush of blood returns to the area, producing redness. This erythema is a normal, usually harmless skin response rather than a complication. In contrast, rash can result from irritation or contact dermatitis, hives may indicate cold-induced urticaria, and nerve damage can occur with excessive exposure or improper technique. So redness is a typical non-adverse reaction, making it the correct choice.